Study Conservative interventions and dosing, if provided+ Number of conservative interventions provided Physical therapy description and provider* Amount and duration of conservative treatment
Aydin et al. 2014​[@192092]
  • Physiotherapy:
    • ROM
    • Isometric strengthening exercises
  • NSAIDs
2 Specific, performed by physiotherapist 6 months
Back et al. 2021​[@192093]
  • Conservative treatment
1 None Listed 3 months
Baltaci et al. 2007​[@192135]
  • Physiotherapy
    • Stretching
    • Strengthening
  • Activity modification
  • NSAIDs
  • Steroidal anti-inflammatory medication
4 Non-specific, performed by unknown provider 6 months
Basharat et al. 2021​[@192094]
  • Moist heat
  • NSAIDs
  • HEP including isometric contractions for 6-10 seconds, 10-20 repetitions per day for 5-6 days per week up to 12; then for 12-24 weeks progressive resistance exercise 5 times per week
3 None Listed 6 months
Beard et al. 2018​[@192072]
  • Physiotherapy:
    • Remedial exercise regimen
  • At least one steroid injection
2 Non-specific, performed by unknown provider 3 months
Bengtsson et al. 2006​[@192095]
  • At least one steroid injection
  • Physiotherapy
2 Non-specific, performed by physiotherapist 6 months
Bhattacharyya et al. 2014​[@192096]
  • Physiotherapy
  • At least one subacromial steroid injection
  • Local anesthetic injection
3 Non-specific, performed by physiotherapist 6 months
Biberthaler et al. 2013​[@192097]
  • Physiotherapy:
    • Heat/cold pack
    • Soft tissue treatment
    • Active training of the periscapular muscles and strengthening of the stabilizing muscles of the shoulder joint
    • HEP (2-3 times per week)
1 Specific, performed by unknown provider 16 sessions for 60 minutes for 3 months
Bjornsson Hallgren et al. 2017​[@192098]
  • Physiotherapy:
    • Eccentric exercise for the rotator cuff
    • Eccentric and concentric exercise for scapula-stabilizing musculature
1 Specific, performed by physiotherapist in Physical Therapy Department 3 months
Butt et al. 2015​[@192099]
  • One or more steroid injections
  • Physiotherapy
2 Non-specific, performed by unknown provider 6 months
Cederqvist et al. 2020​[@192100]
  • Physical Therapy:
    • Cold pack 10-15 minutes prior to exercise
    • Specific exercises following a protocol
    • Joint mobilization with muscle energy techniques
    • Cross friction massage
1 Specific, performed by physical therapists 15 sessions within 3 months
Christiansen et al. 2016​[@192083]
  • Physiotherapy:
    • Advice/instruction
    • Exercise therapy
    • Manual therapy
    • Physical modalities
1 Specific, performed by physiotherapist Greater than 5 sessions
DeWachter et al. 2005​[@192101]
  • Physiotherapy
  • NSAIDs
  • Subacromial steroid injections
3 Non-specific, performed by physiotherapist 6 months
Diab et al. 2009​[@192102]
  • NSAIDs
  • Physiotherapy
  • At least one subacromial steroid injection
3 Non-specific, performed by physiotherapist 3-6 months
Dickens et al. 2005​[@192103]
  • Three subacromial steroid injections at six week intervals
1 n/a 4.5 months
Dorum et al. 2017​[@192104]
  • Physical Therapy:
    • Strengthening and stretching exercises
    • Manual therapy
  • Oral analgesics
  • NSAIDs
  • Injections of corticosteroid
  • Radial extracorporeal shockwave therapy
5 Non-specific, performed by physical therapist 3 months
Farfaras et al. 2016​[@192105]
  • Physical Therapy:
    • Pain-free exercises with gravity forces removed
    • Strengthening of rotator cuff and scapula-stabilizing muscles
    • Exercises with corresponding leisure activities
1 Specific, performed by physiotherapist 3-6 months
Farfaras et al. 2018​[@192106]
  • Physical Therapy
  • NSAIDs
  • Local steroid injection
3 Non-specific, performed by physiotherapist 3-6 months
Haahr et al. 2005​[@192107]
  • Physical Therapy:
    • Heat/cold pack
    • Soft tissue treatments
    • Exercise:
    • Active training of the periscapular muscles
    • Strengthening of the stabilizing muscles of the shoulder
    • Daily HEP
1 Specific, performed by physical therapist 3 months including 19 sessions for 60 minutes
Hawkins et al. 2001​[@192108]
  • No prior interventions listed
0 n/a Not Listed
Holmgren et al. 2012​[@192079]
  • Corticosteroid injection
  • Physical Therapy:
    • Eccentric strengthening of rotator cuff (3 sets, 15 reps, 2 times per day)
    • Concentric/Eccentric exercises for scapular stabilizers (3 sets, 15 reps, 2 times per day)
    • Posterior shoulder stretch (hold 30-60 sec, 3 reps, 2 times per day)
    • Shoulder abduction, shoulder retraction, shoulder elevation, neck retraction, stretch of upper trapezius, stretch of pectoralis major
    • Manual intervention of posterior GH capsule and pectoralis minor stretching
    • Education on posture (thoracic spine extension and scapular retraction)
2 Specific, performed by physiotherapist 3 months (then HEP for 2 more months)
Holmgren et al. 2012​[@192109]
  • Local anesthetic injection
  • Physiotherapy
2 Non-specific, performed by Physical Therapist 3 months
Hultenheim Klintberg et al. 2011​[@192110]
  • No prior interventions listed
0 n/a Not Listed
Husby et al. 2003​[@192111]
  • NSAIDs
  • Local steroid injections
  • Physical Therapy:
    • Ultrasound
3 Non-specific, performed by physical therapist 6 months
Jacobsen et al. 2017​[@192112]
  • Physical Therapy:
    • Daily HEP
    • Supervised training of rotator cuff muscles and scapular stabilizers
  • Glucocorticoid injections
2 Specific, performed by physiotherapist 3 months
Jarvela et al. 2010​[@192113]
  • Conservative treatment
1 None Listed 6 months
Jenkins et al. 2020​[@192114]
  • No prior interventions listed
0 n/a Not Listed
Kappe et al. 2015​[@192115]
  • Oral analgesics
  • Physical Therapy
2 Non-specific, performed by unknown Not Listed
Ketola et al. 2009​[@192116]
  • Rest
  • NSAIDs
  • Subacromial glucocorticosteroid injections
  • Physical Therapy:
    • Exercise programs:
    • increase dynamic stability of the glenohumeral joint and scapula (performed 4 times per week, 9 different exercises, 30-40 reps with 3 sets)
    • Massage
    • Heat
    • TENS
    • HEP
4 Specific, performed by physiotherapist Not Listed
Khare et al. 2015​[@192117]
  • Conservative treatment
1 None Listed 3 months
Klintberg et al. 2010​[@192118]
  • No prior interventions listed
0 n/a Not Listed
Kohler et al. 2020​[@192119]
  • Physical Therapy: 3 times per week for 2 weeks then 2 times per week for 4 weeks
    • Exercises
      • Shoulder stabilization
      • Lifting against gravity
      • Exercises that focus on extending the spine
      • Exercise therapy using equipment
    • Manual Therapy
      • Mobilization of the scapula, cervical, and thoracic spine
      • Friction massage
      • Caudal gliding
      • Traction
    • Additional Therapies
      • Ultrasound
      • Kinesiotaping
      • Electrotherapy
  • Subacromial injections
    • Bupivacaine with dexamethazone (maximum of 3 with minimum intervals of 2 weeks)
2 Specific, performed by physiotherapist or physician 1.5 months
Konradsen et al. 2015​[@192120]
  • Physical Therapy
  • Steroid injections
2 Non-specific, performed by unknown provider 6 months
Lim et al. 2007​[@192121]
  • Rest
  • Physiotherapy
  • NSAIDs
  • Steroid injections in subacromial space
4 Non-specific, performed by unknown provider 2-16 months (mean: 4.6 months)
Lunsjo et al. 2011​[@192122]
  • Subacromial glucocorticoid steroid injection
  • Physical Therapy
2 Non-specific, performed by unknown provider 6 months
Magaji et al. 2012​[@192123]
  • At least 1 subacromial injection of steroid
  • Local anesthetic injection
  • Physiotherapy:
    • Global strengthening exercises
    • Lifestyle and ADL changes to change posture and strengthen appropriate
    • Taping for biofeedback
3 Non-specific, performed by a physiotherapist Not Listed
Odenbring et al. 2008​[@192124]
  • Physical Therapy
  • NSAIDs
  • Subacromial steroid injection
3 Non-specific, performed by unknown provider 6 months
Paavola et al. 2018​[@192125]
  • Physical Therapy:
    • Individually designed progressive HEP
1 Specific, performed by physiotherapist 15 visits
Paavola et al. 2021​[@192126]
  • Physiotherapy
  • NSAIDs
  • Corticosteroid injection
  • Rest
4 Non-specific, performed by physiotherapist 3 months
Rehman et al. 2009​[@192139]
  • Conservative treatment
1 Non-specific, performed by unknown provider 6 months
Rombach et al. 2019​[@192127]
  • Conservative treatment
  • At least 1 steroid injection
2 None listed Not listed
Rudbeck et al. 2013​[@192128]
  • Rest
  • Exercises
  • NSAIDs
3 Non-specific, performed by unknown provider Not listed
Singh et al. 2014​[@192129]
  • Physiotherapy
  • Subacromial steroid injection
  • Local anesthetic injection
3 Non-specific, performed by physiotherapist 3 months
Nizam Siron et al. 2021​[@192130]
  • Physiotherapy
  • Analgesics
2 Non-specific, performed by unknown provider 1.5 months to 3 months
Taverna et al. 2007​[@192131]
  • Physical Therapy:
    • ROM Strengthening
    • Ice
  • Subacromial corticosteroid injection(s)
  • NSAIDs
  • Activity modification
  • Rest
5 Non-specific, performed by unknown provider 6 months
Wright et al. 2000​[@192132]
  • Physical Therapy:
    • Moist Heat
    • Ice
  • NSAIDs
  • Steroid injections
3 Non-specific, performed by unknown
provider
4-6 months
Yeoman et al. 2012​[@192133]
  • Physiotherapy
  • Two steroid injections
2 Non-specific, performed by unknown provider 6 months